22:13:38.211
INFO
Client IP: 202.5.xxx.xxx
TEST STARTED
22:13:42.229
INFO
Session ID: 6a78ca27-f646-4ad0-981f-c52df103c833
22:13:42.229
INFO
Server: Singapore — https://www.speedtest.sg/speedtest
22:13:42.229
INFO
Client IP: 202.5.xxx.xxx
22:13:42.229
INFO
User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; K) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/146.0.xxx.xxx Mobile Safari/537.36
LATENCY
22:13:42.230
INFO
Ping test started — 5 rounds
22:13:42.333
INFO
Round 1: 103 ms
22:13:42.678
INFO
Round 2: 344 ms
22:13:43.034
INFO
Round 3: 355 ms
22:13:43.339
INFO
Round 4: 305 ms
22:13:43.426
INFO
Round 5: 86 ms
22:13:43.427
OK
Ping result: 210 ms (dropped highest: 355 ms)
DOWNLOAD
22:13:43.430
INFO
Download test started — 10s, up to 8 threads
22:13:43.433
INFO
↑ thread 1 started
22:13:43.587
INFO
sample #1: 1.24 Mbps (1T, 0.2s)
22:13:43.737
INFO
sample #2: 1.91 Mbps (1T, 0.3s)
22:13:43.888
INFO
sample #3: 4.86 Mbps (1T, 0.5s)
22:13:44.037
INFO
sample #4: 5.62 Mbps (1T, 0.6s)
22:13:44.186
INFO
sample #5: 6.58 Mbps (1T, 0.8s)
22:13:44.338
INFO
sample #6: 8.23 Mbps (1T, 0.9s)
22:13:44.437
INFO
↑ thread 2 started
22:13:44.487
INFO
sample #7: 7.69 Mbps (2T, 1.1s)
22:13:44.637
INFO
sample #8: 6.73 Mbps (2T, 1.2s)
22:13:44.788
INFO
sample #9: 7.43 Mbps (2T, 1.4s)
22:13:44.937
INFO
sample #10: 8.35 Mbps (2T, 1.5s)
22:13:45.087
INFO
sample #11: 8.27 Mbps (2T, 1.7s)
22:13:45.238
INFO
sample #12: 8.82 Mbps (2T, 1.8s)
22:13:45.387
INFO
sample #13: 9.93 Mbps (2T, 2.0s)
22:13:45.436
INFO
↑ thread 3 started
22:13:45.537
INFO
sample #14: 10.14 Mbps (3T, 2.1s)
22:13:45.688
INFO
sample #15: 9.30 Mbps (3T, 2.3s)
22:13:45.837
INFO
sample #16: 10.36 Mbps (3T, 2.4s)
22:13:45.987
INFO
sample #17: 9.02 Mbps (3T, 2.6s)
22:13:46.138
INFO
sample #18: 9.47 Mbps (3T, 2.7s)
22:13:46.287
INFO
sample #19: 9.01 Mbps (3T, 2.9s)
22:13:46.437
INFO
↑ thread 4 started
22:13:46.438
INFO
sample #20: 9.17 Mbps (4T, 3.0s)
22:13:46.587
INFO
sample #21: 9.95 Mbps (4T, 3.2s)
22:13:46.737
INFO
sample #22: 9.29 Mbps (4T, 3.3s)
22:13:46.887
INFO
sample #23: 9.00 Mbps (4T, 3.5s)
22:13:47.037
INFO
sample #24: 7.69 Mbps (4T, 3.6s)
22:13:47.186
INFO
sample #25: 7.07 Mbps (4T, 3.8s)
22:13:47.336
INFO
sample #26: 7.19 Mbps (4T, 3.9s)
22:13:47.436
INFO
↑ thread 5 started
22:13:47.488
INFO
sample #27: 5.72 Mbps (5T, 4.1s)
22:13:47.637
INFO
sample #28: 5.60 Mbps (5T, 4.2s)
22:13:47.787
INFO
sample #29: 9.66 Mbps (5T, 4.4s)
22:13:47.939
INFO
sample #30: 8.38 Mbps (5T, 4.5s)
22:13:48.087
INFO
sample #31: 7.63 Mbps (5T, 4.7s)
22:13:48.236
INFO
sample #32: 7.15 Mbps (5T, 4.8s)
22:13:48.388
INFO
sample #33: 9.73 Mbps (5T, 5.0s)
22:13:48.436
INFO
↑ thread 6 started
22:13:48.536
INFO
sample #34: 9.89 Mbps (6T, 5.1s)
22:13:48.687
INFO
sample #35: 11.05 Mbps (6T, 5.3s)
22:13:48.838
INFO
sample #36: 11.35 Mbps (6T, 5.4s)
22:13:48.987
INFO
sample #37: 11.32 Mbps (6T, 5.6s)
22:13:49.137
INFO
sample #38: 13.24 Mbps (6T, 5.7s)
22:13:49.289
INFO
sample #39: 10.60 Mbps (6T, 5.9s)
22:13:49.437
INFO
↑ thread 7 started
22:13:49.438
INFO
sample #40: 9.64 Mbps (7T, 6.0s)
22:13:49.587
INFO
sample #41: 12.06 Mbps (7T, 6.2s)
22:13:49.737
INFO
sample #42: 11.06 Mbps (7T, 6.3s)
22:13:49.887
INFO
sample #43: 10.37 Mbps (7T, 6.5s)
22:13:50.037
INFO
sample #44: 11.14 Mbps (7T, 6.6s)
22:13:50.187
INFO
sample #45: 10.41 Mbps (7T, 6.8s)
22:13:50.337
INFO
sample #46: 11.96 Mbps (7T, 6.9s)
22:13:50.436
INFO
↑ thread 8 started
22:13:50.487
INFO
sample #47: 11.97 Mbps (8T, 7.1s)
22:13:50.637
INFO
sample #48: 12.76 Mbps (8T, 7.2s)
22:13:50.787
INFO
sample #49: 14.06 Mbps (8T, 7.4s)
22:13:50.937
INFO
sample #50: 15.83 Mbps (8T, 7.5s)
22:13:51.087
INFO
sample #51: 17.02 Mbps (8T, 7.7s)
22:13:51.237
INFO
sample #52: 16.36 Mbps (8T, 7.8s)
22:13:51.387
INFO
sample #53: 19.23 Mbps (8T, 8.0s)
22:13:51.537
INFO
sample #54: 19.78 Mbps (8T, 8.1s)
22:13:51.687
INFO
sample #55: 18.43 Mbps (8T, 8.3s)
22:13:51.836
INFO
sample #56: 18.67 Mbps (8T, 8.4s)
22:13:51.987
INFO
sample #57: 18.07 Mbps (8T, 8.6s)
22:13:52.137
INFO
sample #58: 20.54 Mbps (8T, 8.7s)
22:13:52.287
INFO
sample #59: 21.10 Mbps (8T, 8.9s)
22:13:52.437
INFO
sample #60: 21.33 Mbps (8T, 9.0s)
22:13:52.587
INFO
sample #61: 20.06 Mbps (8T, 9.2s)
22:13:52.737
INFO
sample #62: 22.44 Mbps (8T, 9.3s)
22:13:52.887
INFO
sample #63: 21.22 Mbps (8T, 9.5s)
22:13:53.037
INFO
sample #64: 19.38 Mbps (8T, 9.6s)
22:13:53.187
INFO
sample #65: 18.51 Mbps (8T, 9.8s)
22:13:53.337
INFO
sample #66: 17.30 Mbps (8T, 9.9s)
22:13:53.441
OK
Download trimmed mean: 12.3 Mbps (66 samples — dropped bottom 16 + top 6, averaged 44)
UPLOAD
22:13:53.476
INFO
Upload test started — 10s, up to 8 threads
22:13:53.478
INFO
↑ thread 1 started
22:13:54.024
INFO
sample #1: 7.48 Mbps (1T, 0.6s)
22:13:54.174
INFO
sample #2: 5.94 Mbps (1T, 0.7s)
22:13:54.324
INFO
sample #3: 4.93 Mbps (1T, 0.9s)
22:13:54.474
INFO
sample #4: 6.88 Mbps (1T, 1.0s)
22:13:54.574
INFO
↑ thread 2 started
22:13:54.667
INFO
sample #5: 5.79 Mbps (2T, 1.2s)
22:13:54.774
INFO
sample #6: 5.33 Mbps (2T, 1.3s)
22:13:54.924
INFO
sample #7: 9.93 Mbps (2T, 1.5s)
22:13:55.076
INFO
sample #8: 9.00 Mbps (2T, 1.6s)
22:13:55.224
INFO
sample #9: 10.83 Mbps (2T, 1.8s)
22:13:55.374
INFO
sample #10: 11.69 Mbps (2T, 1.9s)
22:13:55.526
INFO
sample #11: 9.95 Mbps (2T, 2.1s)
22:13:55.574
INFO
↑ thread 3 started
22:13:55.673
INFO
sample #12: 13.11 Mbps (3T, 2.2s)
22:13:55.824
INFO
sample #13: 15.81 Mbps (3T, 2.4s)
22:13:55.976
INFO
sample #14: 15.53 Mbps (3T, 2.5s)
22:13:56.124
INFO
sample #15: 14.14 Mbps (3T, 2.7s)
22:13:56.274
INFO
sample #16: 14.52 Mbps (3T, 2.8s)
22:13:56.424
INFO
sample #17: 10.48 Mbps (3T, 3.0s)
22:13:56.574
INFO
↑ thread 4 started
22:13:56.673
INFO
sample #18: 9.85 Mbps (4T, 3.2s)
22:13:56.724
INFO
sample #19: 9.55 Mbps (4T, 3.3s)
22:13:56.875
INFO
sample #20: 7.42 Mbps (4T, 3.4s)
22:13:57.024
INFO
sample #21: 6.75 Mbps (4T, 3.6s)
22:13:57.174
INFO
sample #22: 2.97 Mbps (4T, 3.7s)
22:13:57.324
INFO
sample #23: 6.81 Mbps (4T, 3.9s)
22:13:57.474
INFO
sample #24: 6.20 Mbps (4T, 4.0s)
22:13:57.574
INFO
↑ thread 5 started
22:13:57.681
INFO
sample #25: 6.56 Mbps (5T, 4.2s)
22:13:57.775
INFO
sample #26: 6.81 Mbps (5T, 4.3s)
22:13:57.924
INFO
sample #27: 6.20 Mbps (5T, 4.5s)
22:13:58.074
INFO
sample #28: 6.20 Mbps (5T, 4.6s)
22:13:58.224
INFO
sample #29: 6.82 Mbps (5T, 4.8s)
22:13:58.374
INFO
sample #30: 6.20 Mbps (5T, 4.9s)
22:13:58.524
INFO
sample #31: 6.20 Mbps (5T, 5.1s)
22:13:58.574
INFO
↑ thread 6 started
22:13:58.678
INFO
sample #32: 6.80 Mbps (6T, 5.2s)
22:13:58.824
INFO
sample #33: 6.20 Mbps (6T, 5.4s)
22:13:59.574
INFO
↑ thread 7 started
22:14:00.174
INFO
sample #34: 2.62 Mbps (7T, 6.7s)
22:14:00.324
INFO
sample #35: 2.63 Mbps (7T, 6.9s)
22:14:00.475
INFO
sample #36: 2.88 Mbps (7T, 7.0s)
22:14:00.575
INFO
↑ thread 8 started
22:14:00.682
INFO
sample #37: 2.78 Mbps (8T, 7.2s)
22:14:00.774
INFO
sample #38: 2.62 Mbps (8T, 7.3s)
22:14:00.924
INFO
sample #39: 2.62 Mbps (8T, 7.5s)
22:14:01.074
INFO
sample #40: 2.62 Mbps (8T, 7.6s)
22:14:01.224
INFO
sample #41: 2.80 Mbps (8T, 7.8s)
22:14:01.376
INFO
sample #42: 2.88 Mbps (8T, 7.9s)
22:14:01.524
INFO
sample #43: 2.62 Mbps (8T, 8.1s)
22:14:03.576
OK
Upload trimmed mean: 7.5 Mbps (43 samples — dropped bottom 10 + top 4, averaged 29)
RESULT
22:14:03.589
OK
Download : 12.3 Mbps (trimmed mean)
22:14:03.590
OK
Upload : 7.5 Mbps (trimmed mean)
22:14:03.590
OK
Latency : 210 ms
22:14:07.747
OK
Result saved — session: 6a78ca27-f646-4ad0-981f-c52df103c833 (BD — Bangladesh)
22:14:11.003
OK
Debug log saved — 150 entries
TEST STARTED
22:14:13.233
INFO
Session ID: 2c953f96-5cad-43bc-9ffb-708aeee4dbbd
22:14:13.233
INFO
Server: Singapore — https://www.speedtest.sg/speedtest
22:14:13.233
INFO
Client IP: 202.5.xxx.xxx
22:14:13.233
INFO
User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; K) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/146.0.xxx.xxx Mobile Safari/537.36
LATENCY
22:14:13.235
INFO
Ping test started — 5 rounds
22:14:14.823
INFO
Round 1: 1588 ms
22:14:15.658
INFO
Round 2: 835 ms
22:14:15.845
INFO
Round 3: 187 ms
22:14:16.038
INFO
Round 4: 193 ms
22:14:16.214
INFO
Round 5: 176 ms
22:14:16.215
OK
Ping result: 348 ms (dropped highest: 1588 ms)
DOWNLOAD
22:14:16.216
INFO
Download test started — 10s, up to 8 threads
22:14:16.218
INFO
↑ thread 1 started
22:14:16.819
INFO
sample #1: 0.10 Mbps (1T, 0.6s)
22:14:16.969
INFO
sample #2: 0.08 Mbps (1T, 0.8s)
22:14:17.119
INFO
sample #3: 0.07 Mbps (1T, 0.9s)
22:14:17.219
INFO
↑ thread 2 started
22:14:17.270
INFO
sample #4: 0.06 Mbps (2T, 1.1s)
22:14:17.419
INFO
sample #5: 0.05 Mbps (2T, 1.2s)
22:14:17.569
INFO
sample #6: 0.05 Mbps (2T, 1.4s)
22:14:17.719
INFO
sample #7: 0.04 Mbps (2T, 1.5s)
22:14:17.869
INFO
sample #8: 0.04 Mbps (2T, 1.7s)
22:14:18.019
INFO
sample #9: 0.13 Mbps (2T, 1.8s)
22:14:18.169
INFO
sample #10: 0.12 Mbps (2T, 2.0s)
22:14:18.219
INFO
↑ thread 3 started
22:14:18.319
INFO
sample #11: 0.12 Mbps (3T, 2.1s)
22:14:18.469
INFO
sample #12: 0.08 Mbps (3T, 2.3s)
22:14:18.619
INFO
sample #13: 0.08 Mbps (3T, 2.4s)
22:14:18.769
INFO
sample #14: 0.08 Mbps (3T, 2.6s)
22:14:18.919
INFO
sample #15: 0.13 Mbps (3T, 2.7s)
22:14:19.069
INFO
sample #16: 0.22 Mbps (3T, 2.9s)
22:14:19.219
INFO
↑ thread 4 started
22:14:19.220
INFO
sample #17: 0.22 Mbps (4T, 3.0s)
22:14:19.369
INFO
sample #18: 0.24 Mbps (4T, 3.2s)
22:14:19.519
INFO
sample #19: 0.24 Mbps (4T, 3.3s)
22:14:19.669
INFO
sample #20: 0.24 Mbps (4T, 3.5s)
22:14:19.819
INFO
sample #21: 0.24 Mbps (4T, 3.6s)
22:14:19.969
INFO
sample #22: 0.24 Mbps (4T, 3.8s)
22:14:20.119
INFO
sample #23: 0.31 Mbps (4T, 3.9s)
22:14:20.219
INFO
↑ thread 5 started
22:14:20.269
INFO
sample #24: 0.35 Mbps (5T, 4.1s)
22:14:20.419
INFO
sample #25: 0.39 Mbps (5T, 4.2s)
22:14:20.569
INFO
sample #26: 0.44 Mbps (5T, 4.4s)
22:14:20.720
INFO
sample #27: 0.44 Mbps (5T, 4.5s)
22:14:20.869
INFO
sample #28: 0.44 Mbps (5T, 4.7s)
22:14:21.019
INFO
sample #29: 0.56 Mbps (5T, 4.8s)
22:14:21.170
INFO
sample #30: 0.52 Mbps (5T, 5.0s)
22:14:21.219
INFO
↑ thread 6 started
22:14:21.319
INFO
sample #31: 0.56 Mbps (6T, 5.1s)
22:14:21.470
INFO
sample #32: 0.61 Mbps (6T, 5.3s)
22:14:21.620
INFO
sample #33: 0.52 Mbps (6T, 5.4s)
22:14:21.769
INFO
sample #34: 0.51 Mbps (6T, 5.6s)
22:14:21.919
INFO
sample #35: 0.51 Mbps (6T, 5.7s)
22:14:22.069
INFO
sample #36: 0.39 Mbps (6T, 5.9s)
22:14:22.219
INFO
↑ thread 7 started
22:14:22.220
INFO
sample #37: 0.30 Mbps (7T, 6.0s)
22:14:22.369
INFO
sample #38: 0.30 Mbps (7T, 6.2s)
22:14:22.520
INFO
sample #39: 0.13 Mbps (7T, 6.3s)
22:14:22.669
INFO
sample #40: 0.20 Mbps (7T, 6.5s)
22:14:22.819
INFO
sample #41: 0.13 Mbps (7T, 6.6s)
22:14:22.970
INFO
sample #42: 0.13 Mbps (7T, 6.8s)
22:14:23.119
INFO
sample #43: 0.12 Mbps (7T, 6.9s)
22:14:23.219
INFO
↑ thread 8 started
22:14:23.269
INFO
sample #44: 0.16 Mbps (8T, 7.1s)
22:14:23.420
INFO
sample #45: 0.13 Mbps (8T, 7.2s)
22:14:23.569
INFO
sample #46: 0.13 Mbps (8T, 7.4s)
22:14:23.719
INFO
sample #47: 0.12 Mbps (8T, 7.5s)
22:14:23.871
INFO
sample #48: 0.13 Mbps (8T, 7.7s)
22:14:24.019
INFO
sample #49: 0.12 Mbps (8T, 7.8s)
22:14:24.169
INFO
sample #50: 0.44 Mbps (8T, 8.0s)
22:14:24.320
INFO
sample #51: 0.53 Mbps (8T, 8.1s)
22:14:24.469
INFO
sample #52: 0.48 Mbps (8T, 8.3s)
22:14:24.619
INFO
sample #53: 0.79 Mbps (8T, 8.4s)
22:14:24.770
INFO
sample #54: 0.74 Mbps (8T, 8.6s)
22:14:24.919
INFO
sample #55: 0.68 Mbps (8T, 8.7s)
22:14:25.069
INFO
sample #56: 0.68 Mbps (8T, 8.9s)
22:14:25.221
INFO
sample #57: 0.74 Mbps (8T, 9.0s)
22:14:25.369
INFO
sample #58: 0.76 Mbps (8T, 9.2s)
22:14:25.519
INFO
sample #59: 0.76 Mbps (8T, 9.3s)
22:14:25.670
INFO
sample #60: 0.52 Mbps (8T, 9.5s)
22:14:25.819
INFO
sample #61: 0.51 Mbps (8T, 9.6s)
22:14:25.969
INFO
sample #62: 0.51 Mbps (8T, 9.8s)
22:14:26.120
INFO
sample #63: 0.48 Mbps (8T, 9.9s)
22:14:26.220
OK
Download trimmed mean: 0.3 Mbps (63 samples — dropped bottom 15 + top 6, averaged 42)
UPLOAD
22:14:26.253
INFO
Upload test started — 10s, up to 8 threads
22:14:26.257
INFO
↑ thread 1 started
22:14:27.334
INFO
↑ thread 2 started
22:14:28.334
INFO
↑ thread 3 started
22:14:29.033
INFO
sample #1: 8.27 Mbps (3T, 2.8s)
22:14:29.183
INFO
sample #2: 7.94 Mbps (3T, 3.0s)
22:14:29.333
INFO
↑ thread 4 started
22:14:29.373
INFO
sample #3: 8.52 Mbps (4T, 3.1s)
22:14:29.484
INFO
sample #4: 7.94 Mbps (4T, 3.3s)
22:14:29.634
INFO
sample #5: 11.92 Mbps (4T, 3.4s)
22:14:29.785
INFO
sample #6: 13.09 Mbps (4T, 3.6s)
22:14:29.933
INFO
sample #7: 13.82 Mbps (4T, 3.7s)
22:14:30.084
INFO
sample #8: 13.88 Mbps (4T, 3.9s)
22:14:30.234
INFO
sample #9: 17.08 Mbps (4T, 4.0s)
22:14:30.333
INFO
↑ thread 5 started
22:14:30.394
INFO
sample #10: 20.19 Mbps (5T, 4.2s)
22:14:30.534
INFO
sample #11: 21.19 Mbps (5T, 4.3s)
22:14:30.683
INFO
sample #12: 15.41 Mbps (5T, 4.5s)
22:14:30.834
INFO
sample #13: 15.41 Mbps (5T, 4.6s)
22:14:30.983
INFO
sample #14: 18.96 Mbps (5T, 4.8s)
22:14:31.133
INFO
sample #15: 18.51 Mbps (5T, 4.9s)
22:14:31.284
INFO
sample #16: 18.90 Mbps (5T, 5.1s)
22:14:31.333
INFO
↑ thread 6 started
22:14:31.433
INFO
sample #17: 21.71 Mbps (6T, 5.2s)
22:14:31.584
INFO
sample #18: 19.78 Mbps (6T, 5.4s)
22:14:31.734
INFO
sample #19: 22.62 Mbps (6T, 5.5s)
22:14:31.884
INFO
sample #20: 20.57 Mbps (6T, 5.7s)
22:14:32.034
INFO
sample #21: 19.35 Mbps (6T, 5.8s)
22:14:32.183
INFO
sample #22: 15.73 Mbps (6T, 6.0s)
22:14:32.333
INFO
↑ thread 7 started
22:14:32.419
INFO
sample #23: 14.89 Mbps (7T, 6.2s)
22:14:32.484
INFO
sample #24: 14.30 Mbps (7T, 6.3s)
22:14:32.634
INFO
sample #25: 17.08 Mbps (7T, 6.4s)
22:14:32.783
INFO
sample #26: 17.08 Mbps (7T, 6.6s)
22:14:32.934
INFO
sample #27: 12.71 Mbps (7T, 6.7s)
22:14:33.086
INFO
sample #28: 10.91 Mbps (7T, 6.9s)
22:14:33.234
INFO
sample #29: 6.46 Mbps (7T, 7.0s)
22:14:33.334
INFO
↑ thread 8 started
22:14:33.422
INFO
sample #30: 6.30 Mbps (8T, 7.2s)
22:14:33.534
INFO
sample #31: 6.47 Mbps (8T, 7.3s)
22:14:33.683
INFO
sample #32: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 7.5s)
22:14:33.834
INFO
sample #33: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 7.6s)
22:14:33.984
INFO
sample #34: 6.46 Mbps (8T, 7.8s)
22:14:34.133
INFO
sample #35: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 7.9s)
22:14:34.733
INFO
sample #36: 5.89 Mbps (8T, 8.5s)
22:14:34.883
INFO
sample #37: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 8.7s)
22:14:35.034
INFO
sample #38: 6.47 Mbps (8T, 8.8s)
22:14:35.184
INFO
sample #39: 6.47 Mbps (8T, 9.0s)
22:14:35.333
INFO
sample #40: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 9.1s)
22:14:35.483
INFO
sample #41: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 9.3s)
22:14:35.634
INFO
sample #42: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 9.4s)
22:14:35.784
INFO
sample #43: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 9.6s)
22:14:35.933
INFO
sample #44: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 9.7s)
22:14:36.083
INFO
sample #45: 5.88 Mbps (8T, 9.9s)
22:14:36.337
OK
Upload trimmed mean: 13.0 Mbps (45 samples — dropped bottom 11 + top 4, averaged 30)
RESULT
22:14:36.341
OK
Download : 0.3 Mbps (trimmed mean)
22:14:36.341
OK
Upload : 13.0 Mbps (trimmed mean)
22:14:36.341
OK
Latency : 348 ms
22:14:42.074
OK
Result saved — session: 2c953f96-5cad-43bc-9ffb-708aeee4dbbd (BD — Bangladesh)